Python JSON

JSON is a storage and data exchange syntax.

JSON is the text of the notation of the object JavaScript.

Python provides an integrated json package to utilise for JSON data processing.

Example :- Import the json module :

import json

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Parse JSON - Convert from JSON to Python

You can use the json.loads() method to parse a JSON string.

Example :- Convert from JSON to Python :

import json
# some JSON:
x = '{ "name":"John", "age":30, "city":"New York"}'
# parse x:
y = json.loads(x)
# the result is a Python dictionary:
print(y["age"])

Output :-

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Convert from Python to JSON

You can turn it into a JSON string by using the json.dumps() method if you have a Python object.

Example :- Convert from Python to JSON :

import json
# a Python object (dict):
x = {
  "name": "John",
  "age": 30,
  "city": "New York"
}
# convert into JSON:
y = json.dumps(x)
# the result is a JSON string:
print(y)

Output :-

{"name": "John", "age": 30, "city": "New York"}

Python objects of the following types can be converted to JSON strings :

dict
list
tuple
string
int
float
True
False
None

Example :- Convert Python objects and display the values to JSON strings :

import json
print(json.dumps({"name": "John", "age": 30}))
print(json.dumps(["apple", "bananas"]))
print(json.dumps(("apple", "bananas")))
print(json.dumps("hello"))
print(json.dumps(42))
print(json.dumps(31.76))
print(json.dumps(True))
print(json.dumps(False))
print(json.dumps(None))

Output :-

{"name": "John", "age": 30}
["apple", "bananas"]
["apple", "bananas"]
"hello"
42
31.76
true
false
null

Python's objects will be transformed from Python to JSON into the JavaScript equivalent :

Python	JSON
dict	Object
list	Array
tuple	Array
str	String
int	Number
float	Number
True	true
False	false
None	null

Example :- Convert the object Python that contains all forms of legal data :

import json
x = {
  "name": "John",
  "age": 30,
  "married": True,
  "divorced": False,
  "children": ("Ann","Billy"),
  "pets": None,
  "cars": [
    {"model": "BMW 230", "mpg": 27.5},
    {"model": "Ford Edge", "mpg": 24.1}
  ]
}
# convert into JSON:
y = json.dumps(x)
# the result is a JSON string:
print(y)

Output :-

{"name": "John", "age": 30, "married": true, "divorced": false, "children": ["Ann","Billy"], "pets": null, "cars": [{"model": "BMW 230", "mpg": 27.5}, {"model": "Ford Edge", "mpg": 24.1}]}

Format the Result

The sample above displays a JSON string, but without indentation and line breaking is not easily readable.

The method json.dumps() offers options to facilitate the reading of the following :

Example 1 :- To define the indent number, use the indent parameter :

import json
x = {
  "name": "John",
  "age": 30,
  "children": ("Ann","Billy")
}
# use four indents to make it easier to read the result:
print(json.dumps(x, indent=4))

Output :-

{
    "name": "John",
    "age": 30,
    "married": true,
    "divorced": false,
    "children": [
        "Ann",
        "Billy"
    ]
}

The default value (", ":") can alternatively be defined using a comma and an area for separating each object, a column and a space for separating keys from values, etc.

Example 2 :- To alter the default separator, use the separators parameter :

import json
x = {
  "name": "John",
  "age": 30,
  "children": ("Ann","Billy")
}
# use . and a space to separate objects, and a space, a = and a space to separate keys from their values:
print(json.dumps(x, indent=4, separators=(". ", " = ")))

Output :-

{
    "name" = "John".
    "age" = 30.
    "children" = [
        "Ann".
        "Billy"
    ]
}

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Order the Result

The function json.dumps() has options to organize the keys :

Example :- To specify whether or not the result should be sorted, use sort_keys parameter :

import json
x = {
  "name": "John",
  "age": 30,
  "children": ("Ann","Billy")
}
# sort the result alphabetically by keys:
print(json.dumps(x, indent=4, sort_keys=True))

Output :-

{
    "age": 30,
    "children": [
        "Ann",
        "Billy"
    ],
    "name": "John"
}

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