Python Tuples

Python Tuples


Tuples

Tuples can be used for the storage in one variable of multiple items.

A tuple is one of 4 built-in data types in Python that is used for the storage of data collections the other 3 are List, Set, and Dictionary, all having various properties and uses.

A tuple is an arranged and unchangeable collection.

Note :- Round brackets () are used to create tuples.

Example :- Create a simple tuple

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
print(mytuple)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue')

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Tuple Items

Multiple items are ordered, unmodified, and allow for duplicate values.

Multiple items are indexed, with the first item having index [0], the second item having index [1] and so on.

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Ordered

When we state that tuples are sorted, we're referring to the fact that the items are in a specific sequence that will not change.

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Unchangeable

Tuples are immutable, which means that once they've been created, they can't be changed, added to, or removed.

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Allow Duplicates

Tuples can have items with the same value because they're indexed :

Example :- A tuple with duplicate values :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue", "red", "blue")
print(mytuple)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue', 'red', 'green')

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Tuple Length

Use the len() function to find out how many items are in a tuple :

Example :- The number of items in the tuple should be printed :

mytuple = tuple(("red", "green", "blue"))
print(len(mytuple))

Output :-

3



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Check if Item Exists

The in keyword can be used to determine if a particular item is contained in a tuple.

Example :- Check to see if "green" appears in the tuple :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
if "green" in mytuple:
  print("Yes, 'green' is in the mytuple")

Output :-

Yes, 'green' is in the mytuple

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Create Tuple With One Item

You must add a comma to create a tuple with only a single item, otherwise, Python will not recognize that as a tuple.

Example :- One item tuple, remember the comma :

mytuple = ("red",)
print(type(mytuple))
# NOT a tuple
mytuple = ("red")
print(type(mytuple))

Output :-

<class 'tuple'>
<class 'str'>

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Tuple Items - Data Types

Any data type can be used in a tuple item :

Example 1 :- Creating multiple tuples with different datatypes like string, int and boolean.

tuple1 = ("red", "green", "blue")
tuple2 = (1, 5, 7, 9, 3)
tuple3 = (True, False)
print(tuple1)
print(tuple2)
print(tuple3)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue')
(1, 5, 7, 9, 3)
(True, False)

A tuple can have different data typesof data in it.

Example 2 :- Strings, numbers, and boolean values are all included in this tuple :

tuple1 = (111, "abc", 5.5, True)
print(tuple1)

Output :-

(111, 'abc', 5.5, True)

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type()

Python defines tuples as objects with the 'tuple' type of data.

<class 'tuple'>

Example :- What is the data type of a tuple?

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
print(type(mytuple))

Output :-

<class 'tuple'>

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The tuple() Constructor

The tuple() constructor can also be used to generate a tuple.

Example :- Using the tuple() method to make a tuple :

mytuple = tuple(("red", "green", "blue"))
print(mytuple)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue')



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Access Tuple Items

Index numbers in square brackets can be used to access tuple items.

Example :- The third item in the tuple should be printed :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
print(mytuple[2])

Output :-

blue

Note: The first item has an index of 0.

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Negative Indexing

Indexing in the negative direction involves starting at the end of a list.

-1 refers to the last item, -2 refers to the second last item etc.

Example :- The tuple's last item should be printed :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
print(mytuple[-1])

Output :-

blue

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Range of Indexes

You can provide a range of indexes by defining where to begin and where to end the range.

Any range supplied will produce a tuple with the specified elements in it as its return value.

Example 1 :- The third, fourth, and fifth items should be returned :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue", "orange", "gray", "white", "black")
print(mytuple[2:5])
# This will return the items from position 2 to 5.
# Remember that the first item is position 0, 
# and note that the item in position 5 is NOT included

Output :-

('blue', 'orange', 'gray')

Note: Index 2 (included) is the starting point for the search. Index 5 is the ending point (not included).

Remember that the first item has an index of 0.

It is not necessary to specify a start value for the range to begin at the first item :

Example 2 :- "gray" is NOT included in this example, which returns all things from the beginning to the end range :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue", "orange", "gray", "white", "black")
print(mytuple[:4])

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue', 'orange')

The range will extend to the end of the list if the end value is not specified :

Example 3 :- As you can see, this example returns the elements from "orange" to the end of the tuple :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue", "orange", "gray", "white", "black")
print(mytuple[3:])

Output :-

('orange', 'gray', 'white', 'black')

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Python - Update Tuples

It is impossible to add or remove items from a tuple once it has been created because tuples are unchangeable once they are created.

However, there are several workarounds that can be used.

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Change Tuple Values

When creating a tuple, its values can't be changed. They are immutable, as they are sometimes termed.

There is, however, a way to get around this issue. Just follow the below steps to change a tuple values :

  1. Create a tuple.
  2. Convert tuple as list using list() method.
  3. Change the value in the list.
  4. Convert the list as new tuple using tuple() method.

Exmaple :- Changing a tuple value :

x = ("red", "green", "blue")
y = list(x)
y[1] = "orange"
x = tuple(y)
print(x)

Output :-

("red", "orange", "blue")

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Add Items

There is no built-in append() method for tuples because they are immutable, but there are various ways to put things into tuple.

1. To work around this, you can change the tuple into a list, add your item(s), and then convert it back into a tuple.

Example 1 :- Converting the tuple to a list, then add "orange" before returning it to a tuple :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
y = list(mytuple)
y.append("orange")
mytuple = tuple(y)
print(mytuple)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue', 'orange')

2. Tuples can be added together by adding one to another. As tuples can be added to tuples, creating a new tuple containing the item(s) and adding it to the existing tuple is an option.

Example 2 :- Add items from another tuple :

x = ("red", "green", "blue")
y = ("white", "black")
x += y
print(x)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue', 'white', 'black')

Note :- A comma must be used after the item when producing a tuple with only one item, or else the tuple won't be recognised as such.

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Remove Items

Note: Items in a tuple can't be removed.

You can't remove things from a tuple because it's unchangeable, but you can use the same workaround we used for modifying and adding tuple elements in the above program.

Example 1 :- Convert the tuple to a list, remove "red", and convert it back to a tuple :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
y = list(mytuple)
y.remove("red")
mytuple = tuple(y)
print(mytuple)

Output :-

('green', 'blue')

or You can also delete the entire tuple.

Example 2 :- It is possible to delete the tuple completely by using the del keyword :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
del mytuple
print(mytuple) #this will raise an error because the tuple no longer exists

Output :-

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "demo_tuple_del.py", line 3, in < module>
print(mytuple) #this will raise an error because the tuple no longer exists
NameError: name 'mytuple' is not defined

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Unpacking a Tuple

It's common for us to assign values to a tuple after we generate it. A tuple is "packed" in this way.

Extracting values from a tuple is called unpacking.

Example :- Packing a tuple :

colors = ("red", "green", "blue")
print(colors)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue')

Python allows us to extract the values back into variables, though. "Unpacking" is the term for this process :

Example 2 :- Unpacking a tuple :

colors = ("red", "green", "blue")
(r, g, b) = colors
print(r)
print(g)
print(b)

Output :-

red
green
blue

Note :- When there are more variables than values in a tuple, you'll need to use a "asterisk" to aggregate the remaining values into one list.

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Using Asterisk*

Variable names can be prefixed with a * to indicate that a list of values will be assigned to them if there are fewer variables than values.

Example 1 :- Create a asterisk variable called "b" for the rest of the data :

colors = ("red", "green", "blue", "white", "black")
(r, g, *b) = colors
print(r)
print(g)
print(b)

Output :-

red
green
['blue', 'white', 'black']

Python will assign values to a variable until the number of values left equals the number of variables remaining if an asterisk is added to a variable name other than the final.

Example 2 :- Please add the "g" variable a value list :

colors = ("red", "green", "blue", "white", "black")
(r, *g, b) = colors
print(r)
print(g)
print(b)

Output :-

red
['green', 'blue', 'white']
black

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Python - Loop Through a Tuples

It is also possible to loop through the tuple items using a for-loop.

Example :- Iterate through the elements and print out the tuple values.

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
for x in mytuple:
  print(x)

Output :-

red
green
blue

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Loop Through the Index Numbers

It's also possible to loop through the tuple items by referring to their index number.

You may generate a suitable iterable by using the range() and len() functions to create a list.

Example :- All items can be printed by referring to their corresponding index number :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
for i in range(len(mytuple)):
  print(mytuple[i])

Output :-

red
green
blue

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Using a While Loop

Using a while loop, you may iterate through the list elements.

To get the length of the tuple, use the len() function, then begin at 0 and loop through the tuple members using their indexes.

Remember to increment the index by one after each iteration.

Example :- Using a while loop to iterate through all of the index numbers, print all items :

mytuple = ("red", "green", "blue")
i = 0
while i < len(mytuple):
  print(mytuple[i])
  i = i + 1

Output :-

red
green
blue

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Python - Join Tuples

The + operator can be used to merge two or more tuples :

Join Two Tuples

You can use the + operator to join two tuples into one.

Example :- Join two tuples

tuple1 = ("a", "b" , "c")
tuple2 = (1, 2, 3)
tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2
print(tuple3)

Output :-

('a', 'b', 'c', 1, 2, 3)

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Multiply Tuples

The * operator can be used to multiply the contents of a tuple by a specified number of times.

Exmaple :- In this case, the colors tuple is multiplied by 2 :

colors = ("red", "green", "blue")
colors2 = colors * 2
print(colors2)

Output :-

('red', 'green', 'blue', 'red', 'green', 'blue')

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